A lot of plants, not much meat and maximum variety

The Oxford Real Farming Conference – January 5th 2010

A guest post from our friend Richard Sanders.

Every year in early January “the establishment” of British agriculture gathers in Oxford for the Oxford Farming Conference; two days of debate on their selection of the farming issues of the day. This year the massed ranks of land agents, company agronomists, financial advisers, supermarket buyers, grain traders (and some farmers) busied themselves with debate on the retirement age of farmers and market prices in a global economy.

Frustrated at the lack of engagement with the true failings of modern agriculture, a fringe event launched this year — The Oxford Real Farming Conference. Its organisers, including biologist and writer Colin Tudge and journalist Graham Harvey, are convinced that the Earth’s natural resources are easily able to provide a good, healthy diet for everyone living on the planet today — and everyone likely to be living on it 50 years from now and beyond. All it will take, they say, is an agriculture based on principles of sound biology rather than economic dogma.

“Current farming methods are clearly failing. They are over-dependent on fossil fuels; they damage soils and deplete scarce water resources; they degrade everyday foods; they reduce biodiversity and squander precious wildlife; they pollute our global environment. They are part of a global food system that is at the mercy of speculators and is every bit as precarious as the world banking system,” says Colin Tudge.

“Quite simply, high-input, industrial agriculture is incapable of reform. Rather than feed people, its aim is to serve the interests of global chemical, trading and investment corporations. Far from creating a secure supply of high-quality food, today’s agribusiness can be counted on to obstruct progress.”

As an alternative, the conference heard Professor Martin Wolfe of the Organic Research Centre extol the sustainable virtues of agro-forestry and composite cross populations of cereals over what has become “traditional” mono-cropping.

The call went out for the abandonment of energy-dependent nitrogen fertilisers; the replacement of rampant resource depletion with farming methods that work with rather than against eco-systems; and an end to the steady rationalisation and concentration of power in food processing and distribution.

“Feeding people is easy,” says Colin Tudge. “We must move to a recipe of a lot of plants, not much meat, maximum variety.”

By accident (or design?) the conference was held in the very same room (The Old Library of the University Church) that witnessed the inaugural meeting of the British aid agency Oxfam in 1942. That move was triggered by the need to supply food to starving women and children in German-occupied Greece. Auspicious or what?

Plant exploration is not dead

Not that we ever thought it was, but there are souls out there who seem to think that we already have in hand all the agricultural biodiversity we’ll ever need, so there’s no need to hunt for more or bring it back alive. The USDA’s Agricultural Research Service yesterday announced its seed-hunting plans for 2010.

[W]alnuts from Kyrgyzstan, grasses from Russia, and carrots and sunflowers from fields across the Southeastern United States.

These are just some of roughly 15 expeditions that the USDA sends out each year to look for potentially useful crops and their wild relatives. There’s more in a longer article.

Berry Go Round #23: The Janus Edition

The cleverest carnival hosts seem to be able to weave the submissions they receive into a single themed ribbon of discovery. Not me. I knew when I volunteered to host the January edition that it would be a squeeze between returning from the festivities across six time zones and showing up for work bright-eyed and bushy tailed. I did not know I’d have to contend with extra delays en route. But hey, I have to stay up anyway, so here goes nothing.

A seasonal start, with Elizabeth over at The Natural Capitol sharing some of the lore surrounding holly. I didn’t know that Romans celebrated Saturnalia with holly; that’s one to revive.

Dave Ingram at his Natural History Blog has a dreadful punning title about the good things he discovered while cleaning up a lilac that had snapped under the weight of a snowfall. Lichens! Not the easiest things to identify; Dave’s photographs give an insight into the diversity of these strange plants.

John at KindofCurious has also been out and about with his camera, and posts a stunnning feast of flowers from the Christmas Display at Longwood Gardens in Pennsylvania. (I always thought it was in Delaware.) Not very Christmassy — if you were expecting holly, ivy and red poinsettias — but pretty for all that.

The sole species of the sole genus of the family Tetracarpaeaceae is native to Tasmania. No wonder Dave at Tasmanian Plants is excited about the Delicate Laurel Tetracarpaea tasmannica, Tasmania’s iconic orphan.

Now, what’s the oldest living tree specimen in the world? I’d have got that simple question wrong; it isn’t a bristelcone pine, as I used to think, but a specimen of Palmer’s Oak (Quercus palmeri) in Southern California that is 13,000 years old, give or take. Thanks to Greg Laden for the information.

Just when I feared that there would be nothing about agricultural biodiversity, a couple of posts from Laurent at Seeds Aside, the founder of the Berry go Round Carnival. His first is about a wonderful member of the melon family, the kiwano or horned melon, Cucumis metulliferus. He pulls out three interesting factoids about kiwano, and the one that surprised me most (but really shouldn’t have) is that the leaves are extremely rich in micronutrients and could make a valuable contribution to a diverse and nutritious diet.

As for Laurent’s other post — OMGs GMOs — I am going to say absolutely nothing. It hinges on a video about GMOs as a “solution” to climate change. Watch it and join the debate at Seeds Aside or over at YouTube where, astonishingly, the video has attracted not one single comment.

Continuing the its-not-all-lovely-dovey-in-the-world-of-botany notion, Sally at Foothills Fancies documents her one-woman war on a ghastly invasive, Dalmatian Toadflax “(variously Linaria dalmatica, Linaria genistifolia ssp. dalmatica, etc.)” Did she win? Read the post and find out.

As host, I exercise my privilege to draw attention to a few things I’ve noticed. One has to be the 2009 Royal Institution Christmas Lectures, an institution if ever there was one. In 2009 Professor Sue Hartley discussed “the epic 300-million-year war between plants and animals, and how that conflict has shaped us and the world we live in”. And if you think that because the lectures are for kids there’s nothing there for you, think again. Then there’s the sumptuous Love Plant Life blog, new to me, and thanks to Anna for asking us to link to it. And Patrick at Bifurcated Carrots has a guide to buying and growing “heirloom/OP seeds” that could be of interest.

If you’re a follower of the Paleo (or palaeo) Diet, you might want to check out what our ancestors in Mozambique were eating 100,000 years ago. (Hint: sorghum.) And with a special hat tip to the Phytophactor, if you come across any further examples of the Inappropriate Use of Agricultural Images or any other pseudo-scientific nonsense, please send it to us.

And finally, if you’re into the whole turn over a new leaf because it’s the new year thing, here are some gardening New Year resolutions, from the PhytoPhactor.

Thanks everyone. Not sure who is hosting next time around.

Featured: Purported fraud

Anastasia says predictions of a food crisis in 2010 are built on sand:

[T]here are simply too many crop scientists and too many farmers who would notice if the numbers were off, so even if the USDA wanted to falsify the numbers, they couldn’t do it without being caught.

That’s the beauty of conspiracies; they don’t need reason.