- What climate change will mean for potatoes.
- The domestication of adzuki beans (Vigna angularis).
Nibbles: Potato, Cheese, Edible landscapes, Apples, Bees, Cacao, Vegetables
- The Guardian has a leader on the potato. Please let this year end soon. And thanks, Danny.
- Lucy Appleby RIP.
- Inner city farming in the UK.
- Gary Nabhan on where apples came from, and where they’re going. And more. Thanks again, Danny!
- Tracking bees’ response to climate change by satellite.
- Mars thinks cacao biodiversity is important. No news from Earth.
- The “keyhole gardens” of Lesotho.
Nibbles: Potato, Myanmar, Coffee, Vetch, Rotations
- Spud War-of-words hots up.
- Meanwhile, in the real world, Irrawaddy delta farmers head back to their seawater-covered fields. Thank goodness for all those salinity-tolerant rice varieties, eh?
- Partake of the Ethiopian coffee ceremony.
- Hairy boffin breeds hairy vetch.
- Complex rotations better for yields. Diversity is good in time as well as space!
Nibbles: Tangled Bank, Banana, Films, Biofuels, DOC
- Tangled Bank 105 is up. Ag-related: safe fugu bred, and canine genetics. Down boy.
- Gene Expression blogs Banana (the book). Interesting comments too.
- Indian women make films to protect biodiversity. P’raps they’ll enter our next competition?
- US to scale back corn-for-booze subsidy by whopping 12%?
- Sardinian saffron to be protected.
Reindeer domestication
From our occasional contributor Michael Kubisch.
Reindeer have been domesticated by denizens of the Northern hemisphere for some time – but exactly for how long and whether domestication occurred at different sites or only once has been the matter of some debate. Estimates of how long ago domestication might have happened have ranged from as long as 20,000 years ago to as little as 3000. Part of the problems stems from the lack of archaeological records that could pinpoint a more exact time frame. The evidence for the shorter period relies mostly on ethnographic observation, such as the development of certain implements (for example saddles) that early reindeer herders developed apparently after contact with other people of the central Asian steppes.
But did domestication happen more than once? A recent paper by a group of researchers from Oslo sheds some light on this question. After analysis of a number of DNA markers they conclude that the Sami people of Northern Scandinavia domesticated reindeer independently from indigenous people in what is now Russia. Moreover the evidence points to the existence of three distinct gene pools suggesting that domestication even within Russia may have occurred more than once.
And there is another interesting observation: comparisons with gene markers from wild reindeer suggests that introgression of “wild” genes into domestic reindeer appears to have happened quite frequently through the ages, but that only some of the wild populations have made genetic contributions suggesting perhaps different propensities for domestication among animals of various wild herds.
Unfortunately there is increasing concern about the future of reindeer agriculture. The Sami herders, who live in Scandinavia, Finland and parts of Russia, are beginning to feel the effects of global climate changes. The rapid warming trend that seems to occur in the Northern hemisphere interferes not only with foraging but also with the ability to move animals across what used to be solid ice. And many Sami now fear not only the loss of their livelihood, but also the disappearance of a substantial part of the culture, which has always been intricately linked to reindeer. Â