- All of IFAD’s 5 investments that will help nourish the world need crop diversity. Prove me wrong.
- And yet we still have to have articles on communicating the importance of genebanks.
- Cosmos tries to do it by pointing to the science.
- Smithsonian Magazine tries to do it by saying it’s tricky.
- Genebanks try to do it by having nice new websites and talking to the media. Some of the biggest media.
- CGIAR tries to do it by calling them an Accelerator.
- IIED tries to do it by saying even botanic gardens can help farmers.
- SwissAid thinks “[n]ational and international gene banks should give farmers’ organizations low-threshold access to their collections.” No argument there.
- Maybe we should have songs about genebanks, like the Maxakali have about the Atlantic Forest.
- Or we could just talk about food, food, glorious food.
- Could also just fall back on the good old canonical lost-heirloom-apple-found story.
- Or the canonical medical case for “ancient grains” story.
- Though even there the heirlooms vs hybrids debate will rage I suppose…
- But, whatever we do, let’s not take it to extremes, shall we?
Brainfood: Maroon rice, Dutch aroids, Sicilian saffron, Inca agriculture, Native American agriculture, Mexican peppers, Afro-Mexican agriculture, Sahelian landraces, Small-scale fisheries, Coconut remote sensing
- The Mystery of Black Rice: Food, Medicinal, and Spiritual Uses of Oryza glaberrima by Maroon Communities in Suriname and French Guiana. There’s a rich oral history of African rice in Maroon communities, but that doesn’t mean either the traditional knowledge or diversity of the crop is safe.
- The Invisible Tropical Tuber Crop: Edible Aroids (Araceae) Sold as “Tajer” in the Netherlands. Another example of traditional knowledge on crops surviving far from their home.
- Rethinking Pliny’s “Sicilian Crocus”: Ecophysiology, Environment, and Classical Texts. There might have been two distinct saffron species in ancient Sicily. Another way of recovering traditional knowledge is by reading ancient texts.
- Trees, terraces and llamas: Resilient watershed management and sustainable agriculture the Inca way. The sedimentary record can be used to recover traditional knowledge too. No word on what ancient text have to say, but I’m sure it’s something.
- Yield, growth, and labor demands of growing maize, beans, and squash in monoculture versus the Three Sisters. Sometimes traditional knowledge can use a helping hand from scientists. And vice versa.
- Interdisciplinary insights into the cultural and chronological context of chili pepper (Capsicum annuum var. annuum L.) domestication in Mexico. About the only thing that’s missing here is traditional knowledge.
- Afro-Indigenous harvests: Cultivating participatory agroecologies in Guerrero, Mexico.
Makes one wish these authors had been involved in the pepper study above. - Tradeoffs between the use of improved varieties and agrobiodiversity conservation in the Sahel. The effect of improved varieties on local landraces (and presumably associated traditional knowledge) is different for pearl millet and groundnut, and for Mali and Niger.
- Illuminating the multidimensional contributions of small-scale fisheries. I’m sure lots of traditional knowledge is involved.
- Satellite imagery reveals widespread coconut plantations on Pacific atolls. They could have just asked the small-scale fisherfolk, but ok.
Brainfood: Beverage edition
- Crop-to-wild gene flow in wild coffee species: the case of Coffea canephora in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. DNA bits diagnostic of domesticated coffee are finding their way into wild rainforest populations, but not all that much.
- The genome and population genomics of allopolyploid Coffea arabica reveal the diversification history of modern coffee cultivars. Diversity was already pretty low in pre-domestication wild arabica, and continued going downhill after that. Time to re-synthesize the crop, I say.
- Beyond the Orthodoxy: An Overview of the Potential of ‘Other’ Coffee Species for Crop Use and their Associated Challenges. All well and good, but don’t forget there’s more to coffee than just arabica and robusta.
- Advancing Coffee Genetic Resource Conservation and Exchange: Global Perspectives and Strategies from the ICC 2024 Satellite Workshop. Time to properly secure all coffee diversity in genebanks, and that includes sorting out ABS.
- Expanding the cacao group: three new species of Theobroma sect. Herrania (Malvaceae: Byttnerioideae) from the Western Amazon Basin. Plenty of “other” cacao species too, and more coming.
- Seed morphometrics unravels the evolutionary history of grapevine in France. There was wild-domesticate geneflow in early grapevines in France as well as in robusta coffee in the DRC, and you don’t need to trace bits of DNA to prove it.
- Characterization and analysis of a Commiphora species germinated from an ancient seed suggests a possible connection to a species mentioned in the Bible. Thousand-year-old seed is a distinct and possibly long-lost species of myrrh. Which ok is not a beverage but still vaguely liquid, at least initially.
- Sesame, an Underutilized Oil Seed Crop: Breeding Achievements and Future Challenges. Ok, since we’re doing liquid-producing crops, let’s include this review of sesame improvement. Lots of wild species to use. No word on wild-domesticate geneflow though.
Brainfood: Diverse ecologists, Wild vs cultivated, Ecosystem services, Indigenous people, Mixtures, On-farm trees, Monitoring protected areas, Social media & protected areas, Wild harvesting, Land sparing vs sharing, Agroecology & plant health, Wild vs cultivated
- On the importance of diversity in ecological research. Diversity of the research teams, that is. This should apply to everything that follows.
- Adapting wild biodiversity conservation approaches to conserve agrobiodiversity. The main gap seem to be in the area of “payment for system services.” Agrobiodiversity could learn from biodiversity there.
- The Role of Crop, Livestock, and Farmed Aquatic Intraspecific Diversity in Maintaining Ecosystem Services. And there’s a lot to pay for, apparently.
- No basis for claim that 80% of biodiversity is found in Indigenous territories. There are better numbers for the undoubted (but alas still unrewarded) importance of Indigenous people for biodiversity conservation.
- Plant diversity decreases greenhouse gas emissions by increasing soil and plant carbon storage in terrestrial ecosystems. Huge meta-analysis says plant mixtures are better than monocultures for C storage. Maybe someone should pay for that?
- Food-sourcing from on-farm trees mediates positive relationships between tree cover and dietary quality in Malawi. And some of those trees will be wild.
- Delivering Systematic and Repeatable Area-Based Conservation Assessments: From Global to Local Scales. Actually, the Digital Observatory for Protected Areas (DOPA) could also usefully be applied to agricultural biodiversity.
- Applying deep learning on social media to investigate cultural ecosystem services in protected areas worldwide. Well, of course, it was only a matter of time. And the above comment also applies.
- Does long-term harvesting impact genetic diversity and population genetic structure? A study of Indian gooseberry (Phyllanthus emblica) in the Central Western Ghats region in India. AI will only get you so far. But it would be interesting to see if AI could have predicted these results. More training dataset needed, I suspect.
- Agrobiodiversity conservation enables sustainable and equitable land sparing. Intensifying agriculture can be good for land sparing, but its sustainability depends on land sharing. Nice way to escape the dichotomy.
- Towards an agroecological approach to crop health: reducing pest incidence through synergies between plant diversity and soil microbial ecology. I guess this is an example of the above.
- Are agricultural commodity production systems at risk from local biodiversity loss? Have you not been listening?
Nibbles: SPAM2020, Pullman genebank, Svalbard, Olive plague, Rice diversity, Vanilla threat, Gum rockrose, VACS demand, AI double, Food & climate change
- The latest version of the SPAM global crop area distribution model is out. You can play with it here.
- Some bullet points on the USDA’s National Plant Germplasm System outpost in Pullman.
- Yes, the above references Svalbard, as does this piece on Spanish tomatoes.
- Pity we can’t put olives in Svalbard, but there’s a another way to protect olive diversity.
- A breakdown of rice colour diversity. A lot of this stuff will be in Svalbard, with any luck.
- Vanilla will also need attention.
- But gum rockrose seems to be taken care of, at least in Bulgaria. It’s what you make Holy Chrism with.
- So there’s bound to be demand for it, at least in some quarters. Unlike for other opportunity/orphan/neglected crops, but GAIN is on it.
- And if all else fails there’s always AI, be it to fight pests and diseases or find cool plants out in the jungle.
- Why does all this matter? Because of the climate F-word.