Cherry blossom on the move

Andy Jarvis writes:
We’ve long known that climate change is shifting the seasons, and plants appear to be flowering earlier in spring. But a recent study of flowering in 17 species and varieties of cherry trees in Japan had some interesting results that highlight the value of agricultural biodiversity. ((Abraham J. Miller-Rushing et al. (2007), Impact of global warming on a group of related species and their hybrids: cherry tree (Rosaceae) flowering at Mt. Takao, Japan. American Journal of Botany 94:1470-1478.)) The authors have observed that cherry trees on average flower 5.5 days earlier today compared with 25 years ago, and attribute this to an increase in temperature of 1.8°C in February-March. Another example of changing phenology. But what is most interesting is the divergent response between varieties and species – some are flowering 3-5 days earlier per 1°C temperature change, while others as many as 9 days earlier per degree change. Interestingly, these are traits that required climate change to express themselves, and must have impacts on production in addition to the aesthetics of the entire mountain no longer flowering at once.

There must be other places where blossom is important that have long term records like this.

King Corn

Here’s an interview with the makers of the documentary King Corn, which is partly about how maize “covers the food landscape,” as well as the actual landscape, in the US.

More methane please, we’re Vermonters

The state of Vermont in the US would likely greet Luigi’s news about less flatulent fodder with horror, if there were any Acacia or Sesbania there. Vermont has one of the fastest-growing alternative energy programmes in the US, all based on the prodigious output of its vast dairy herd. Better yet, methane is a much more effective greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide. So burning methane is win-win: less methane, and less carbon dioxide than non-renewable power-station fuels. via Grist.

Cutting down on cow emissions

Methane is a powerful greenhouse gas and ruminant farm animals belch out a huge amount of the stuff. No wonder people are scouring agrobiodiversity for animal feeds that minimise emissions. A paper in Animal Feed Science and Technology ((C.R. Soliva, A.B. Zeleke, C. Clement, H.D. Hess, V. Fievez and M. Kreuzer. In vitro screening of various tropical foliages, seeds, fruits and medicinal plants for low methane and high ammonia generating potentials in the rumen. Animal Feed Science and Technology. Corrected Proof, Available online 18 October 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2007.09.009)) has come up trumps. The researchers found differences in methane production not just among tropical feed species, but also among accessions of Acacia angustissima and Sesbania sesban. Something to add to the list of evaluation descriptors.