British Library has online stuff on agrobiodiversity shock

This page is from the tractate Kilayim (which translates as ‘of two kinds’) which deals with the laws regarding forbidden mixtures of species in agriculture, breeding and clothing. It forms part of Zera’im (Seeds), one of the six divisions or orders of the Mishnah. Added to the text is Moses Maimonides’s commentary translated from the original Arabic. The diagrams show ways of dividing up plots of land to grow permitted types of seeds and mixed species. This book itself was printed in Naples in 1492 by Joshua Solomon Soncino, and was the first to contain the complete text of the Mishnah.

One of the many treasures awaiting you at the British Library, this one in the gallery section. And there’s more to come.

US lawmakers taking irony supplements

Missed this first time around, but courtesy of the magic of interconnectivity — Thanks Sam — I am able to reflect on some reflections.

If you’re eager to improve the food (and other) security of smallholder farmers, or the nutritional status of young people you might, once, have looked to the US to lead the way, at least as far as smallholder farmers and young people in other countries, poor countries, are concerned. At home? No such luck.

Headline

As Alex Tabarrok said in his post Not from the Onion, over at Marginal Revolution, “The headline says it all”.

Tabarrok quotes extensively from the Washington Post article that furnished the fine headline above. I can do no better than to quote him.

[A]nyone who argues against making school meals healthier because it’s too expensive at the same time as they vote for keeping billions of dollars in farm subsidies is not concerned about expenses. What unites the bill is not ideology but protection of agribusiness.

Say it isn’t so!

Not a peep out of the G20 meeting, yet; although much has been said about controlling prices, the only mentions of subsidies I’ve found are in the context of biofuels which, according to the US, “are job creators, not hunger villain” (sic). (I don’t suppose they could be both?) Far keener intellects than mine have considered the influence of rich-world agricultural subsidies on poor-world food insecurity, and the overall message is that they malevolent.

It’s just a shame, I suppose, that what happens to smallholder farmers and poorly nourished young people at home more or less mirrors what happens to them in other countries, poorer countries.

The future of rice in Mozambique

Readers with long memories who had time on their hands back in January may remember a post we did then on IR80482-64-3-3-3, a new rice tailor-made for Mozambique. There was some discussion at the time about the claims being made in the original SciDevNet piece about the new variety on which we based our post, but what really struck me was this statement:

Work began when the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), in the Philippines, sent Mozambique 11,200 rice varieties for testing.

That just sounded like quite a lot of varieties, and I remember wondering at the time how long it took the Mozambique national rice programme to get through that little lot. But anyway, I bring this up now not only because someone from IRRI has very kindly left a comment on the original post. But also because IR80482-64-3-3-3 is back in the news, cannily renamed Makassane. The IRRI press release has been widely picked up.

Following the approval of Makassane for release by the Mozambique Variety Release Committee earlier this month, IRRI provided government agencies and farmers “foundation seed” to use in bulking up the seed so that more can be produced and distributed to more farmers.

Two things about this. First, I look forward to regular updates on Makassane’s uptake by farmers. And second, I hope the IRRI and Mozambique national genebanks are confident that they already have good representation of the local landraces. Sophie, who left the aforementioned comment, says there are 76 rice types from Mozambique at IRRI. Genesys gives us just over 120 worldwide, between landraces and wild species, but only a few are geo-referenced (see map).

Picking a good agrobiodiversity beach

My apologies to Robert Hijmans, the developer of DIVA-GIS. I had forgotten how awsomely awesome his software. It was really only the work of half an hour to export a shapefile of the distribution of wild and weedy accessions from Genesys, open it in DIVA-GIS, produce a gridfile of taxon richness, export it as a KMZ, and open it in Google Earth, together with The Guardian’s European bathing places dataset, which I had prepared earlier.

A beach called La Figueirette at Theoule-sur-Mer is right in the middle of that (relative) hotspot of species richness not far from the Italian border shown in light orange on the map above. And the beach doesn’t look too bad either, at least on StreetView.

Now, to check out the lakes…