We pointed out recently that the threat to the Pavlovsk Experiment Station’s field genebanks is not, in fact, as unique as it might seem. From Science magazine comes news that “Australia’s seed banks are tumbling like dominoes”. The report details the gradual loss of Australia’s six genebanks.
[I]n mid-2008 a bank in Adelaide holding Mediterranean forages such as alfalfa closed its doors; of its 45,000 accessions, 95% are held nowhere else in the world.
Where have we heard claims like that before?
Part of the article that I don’t understand concerns Australia’s obligations under the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. Is there really a mechanism to prevent free-riders, as the article suggests? If Australia cannot supply seeds from its own genebanks, because those seeds are dead, or no longer exist, will they really be blocked access to other genebanks’ accessions?
The article ends by echoing what is really the crucial point for all genebanks:
Seed banks “need long-term support that is outside grant or research support,” says Megan Clarke, chief executive of CSIRO, Australia’s national science agency and the country’s main supporter of agricultural research.
That is clearly as true in Australia as it is in Russia. And the Australians aren’t even planning to build houses where the genebanks were.
Also the Nordic Genetic Resources Center (NordGen, formerly the Nordic Gene Bank, NGB) face a thrilling end of the year balance this year. Even after heavy cuts in the operational costs during 2010 (and 2009) the genebank does not expect to be able to meet the budget for the end of the year financial status. The budget deficit is on top of already a lagging behind in desperately needed investments in particular for the laboratory, and the field facilities for the evaluation and even the basic regeneration of the seedbank collection. Ironically the Nordic policy arena is not short of politicians and media speaking up for the value of genetic resources and the success of the Nordic cooperation for conservation of these resources – yet the national and inter-governmental institutions in the Nordic region is forced to operate on a budget sliced further down each year.
Perhaps we need peace in Afghanistan to reallocate resources to more important investments?