I don’t suppose anyone needs reminding, but COP 9 is on in Bonn, and agricultural biodiversity is on the menu. You can watch some of it online if you’re not there in person. But if you’re there, and something interesting happens, do let us know! Oh, and of course this Thursday is International Day for Biological Diversity, and the theme is Biodiversity and Agriculture.
Nibbles: Tea, Commodity dependence, Wild pigs, Organic ag, Fungus
- Tea to get quality standards, geographic indications. Luigi’s mother-in-law unavailable for comment, but would probably say everybody already knows her tea is high quality and where it comes from.
- And speaking of Africa and commodities…
- Pygmy hog saved from extinction. Pocket pigs deny involvement.
- Big write-up of Ryton Organic Garden. Jeremy bound to comment.
- Perigord black truffle under threat from Chinese invader. Stock up now.
CWR discussion group launched
Our friend and occasional contributor Danny Hunter has just set up a Yahoo discussion group on crop wild relatives, as part of his new job. Hop on over and join up, it promises to be great fun. In bocca al lupo, Daniele!
Reindeer domestication
From our occasional contributor Michael Kubisch.
Reindeer have been domesticated by denizens of the Northern hemisphere for some time – but exactly for how long and whether domestication occurred at different sites or only once has been the matter of some debate. Estimates of how long ago domestication might have happened have ranged from as long as 20,000 years ago to as little as 3000. Part of the problems stems from the lack of archaeological records that could pinpoint a more exact time frame. The evidence for the shorter period relies mostly on ethnographic observation, such as the development of certain implements (for example saddles) that early reindeer herders developed apparently after contact with other people of the central Asian steppes.
But did domestication happen more than once? A recent paper by a group of researchers from Oslo sheds some light on this question. After analysis of a number of DNA markers they conclude that the Sami people of Northern Scandinavia domesticated reindeer independently from indigenous people in what is now Russia. Moreover the evidence points to the existence of three distinct gene pools suggesting that domestication even within Russia may have occurred more than once.
And there is another interesting observation: comparisons with gene markers from wild reindeer suggests that introgression of “wild” genes into domestic reindeer appears to have happened quite frequently through the ages, but that only some of the wild populations have made genetic contributions suggesting perhaps different propensities for domestication among animals of various wild herds.
Unfortunately there is increasing concern about the future of reindeer agriculture. The Sami herders, who live in Scandinavia, Finland and parts of Russia, are beginning to feel the effects of global climate changes. The rapid warming trend that seems to occur in the Northern hemisphere interferes not only with foraging but also with the ability to move animals across what used to be solid ice. And many Sami now fear not only the loss of their livelihood, but also the disappearance of a substantial part of the culture, which has always been intricately linked to reindeer. Â
Nibbles: NUS, Value-added, Values, Genebank, IPR
- New Agriculturist focuses on neglected species.
- Chocolate, wine… Fellow could have himself a pretty good weekend in Vegas with that lot.
- Irish evaluate biodiversity, apparently ignore agriculture.
- Sasa schemes to save Scottish landraces.
- The Indian Seed and Patent Acts dissected.