The USDA has decided to close its iconic flagship site, the Beltsville Agricultural Research Center (BARC) in Maryland. Everyone in plant genetic resources knows what “Beltsville” means. Cost is apparently to blame: the agency says modernizing just 11 of BARC’s 400-plus buildings and carrying out deferred maintenance would require a $500 million one-time investment plus $40 million a year ongoing, which it calls financially unsustainable. That’s about 3 hours of US defence spending.
What does this mean for the National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS)?
The NPGS’s actual seed and other collections are already distributed across the country, and USDA is using the closure to invest in new infrastructure elsewhere, including a centralized germplasm distribution centre in Ames, Iowa. Which is good.
But what happens to the National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, a key denizen of BARC? The NGRL is not a genebank. It’s a team of people who, from Beltsville, “facilitates the acquisition, exchange, and documentation of crop genetic resources important to world food security.” In other words, it provides some of the connective tissue that turns a bunch of genebanks spread around the country into a national system.
The USDA announcement is not clear about the NGRL. It does says that research projects at Beltsville will be redistributed among other USDA locations, but not what will happen to NGRL staff and its system-wide functions. Ames will gain an important new distribution facility, but that’s not the same as the NGRL as a whole.
It will be interesting to see whether USDA moves the NGRL’s expertise and functions intact, or divides them among different locations: dispersion runs the danger of weakening the institutional knowledge of how acquisition, documentation, quarantine, distribution and international exchange fit together. For the NPGS, that may ultimately be the most important consequence of the Beltsville reorganization. Stay tuned.